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Send letters to   Communities  magazine, PO Box 169, Masonville, CO 80541-0169. Your letter may be lightly edited or shortened. Thank you!

Letters

"Growing Older in Community"

Dear Communities:
I appreciated and enjoyed your recent issue, "Growing Older in Community" (#89, Winter '95), which looks at elder communards. I was pleasantly surprised to see article titles such as "Voices of Our Elders" and "Wisdom of Our Elders." Your readers might be interested to know that I have compiled two books on exactly this issue. The first, From Utopian Dreaming to Communal Reality, published by the University of New South Wales Press, Sydney, in 1995, tells the story of 10 Australian communal elders in 10 long-term intentional communities. They have an average of about 21 years communal experience apiece. The second book has the working title The Wisdom of the Communal Elders: Eco spirituality and Social Experimentation. This recently completed manuscript is being published by Findhorn Press, Scotland, and should be available about mid-1996. It has the stories and collective wisdom of 15 communal elders from intentional communities in 11 countries on five continents (New Zealand, Japan, India, Israel, France, Germany, UK, Canada, USA, Mexico, and Brazil). They have an average of about 33 years communal experience apiece! You should realise that there is a great deal of communal experience beyond the shores of North America.
Dr. Bill Metcalf
Griffith University
Brisbane, Australia

We do! We hope to soon offer a regular column on communities abroad. Dr. Metcalf's book, From Utopian Dreaming to Communal Reality, is available from University of New South Wales Press (1995).

Dear Communities:
We were looking forward to your Winter '95 issue, "Growing Older in Community," naturally but naively hoping that it would highlight cooperative communities that provided for the needs of its members as they aged. To our disappointment, we looked in vain. In short, the communities described do not   care for their aged after a certain point. Instead, people with various disabilities are required to leave to live (usually) among strangers   in a strange  institution, that is designed to "care" for them. This, as most of you know, is generally a dismal fate. There are, of course, so-called "life-care" institutions that are equipped to take care of their residents no matter what their needs. But these are generally not   cooperatives and not   intergenerational. The best ones are, in brief, "country clubs" in which you are surrounded solely by other old people--without a sense of "This is my/our  community," and without the joy of relating to children and people of other ages. We are in our fifties and have seen our parents' generation attempting to deal with these issues--without success. We would like to become part of an intergenerational cooperative community where people take care of each other ... no matter what their age or their needs. After all, such communities were, up until recently, part of our cultural heritage in our small towns and villages. Of the hundreds of communities described in your excellent Communities Directory, only 18 are listed under the Special Interest heading "senior citizens." (No such heading appears in the Cross-Reference Chart.) But, of these 18, only one--a Rudolph Steiner community--even mentions   in its description making provisions for the elderly. We'd appreciate any help with this issue we're wrestling with.
Andy and Linda Neher
Aptos, California

It is true that our "Growing Older" issue did not provide information about multigenerational communities which specifically make provisions to care for the special needs of their elderly. Perhaps we can address that topic in a future issue.

Geoph Kozeny, who compiled the communities listings in the   Directory, believes that a number of the listed communities   do make make plans to accommodate seniors, but didn't feature that in their   Directory listings nor did they submit an article to the "Growing Older in Community" issue. He noted that the Emissary communities, Twin Oaks and all the FEC communities, Celo, Wesleyan, the Hutterites and Bruderhofs, Bryn Gweled, Tanguy, and Koinonia have significant populations over 60 or talk of accommodating older members.

"Seamless Garment Network" Ad Offends

Dear Communities:
Communities   is a wonderful, important publication. Every issue inspires hope that increasing numbers of us will seek ways to live more gently upon Earth and with one another. Last month I eagerly renewed my subscription for two years! So for the sake of the magazine and what it stands for, I write what follows. I was troubled by the inclusion of an ad for a group called "Seamless Garment Network," appearing on page 29 of the Winter  '95 issue. As part of its simplistic platform of "protecting all life," this Network agitates against legal abortion. They view Life as a "seamless shroud" and thus overlook its depth and intricacies, belittling the significance of that passage into the world ... birth itself. To force children into the world unwanted is the ultimate abuse. And to exhort "Adoption, not abortion," is to ignore the bond between mother and baby that is so strong for some women that they would keep and attempt to nurture a child once born, whether or not they were able to do so. It is callous to assume that a decision to abort is ever easy, a claim made by some "right-to-lifers." And as for the few who do abort with such ease, let them do it safely, rather than bear children they cannot welcome. We are the Keepers of the Gates of Life, and it is our responsibility to decide whether or not we're prepared to birth and nurture another person. One must be able to make this decision safely, regardless of income, location, and situation. One's situation can also change abruptly, as it did for a woman I know whose husband left her when she was about four months pregnant. It seems beyond these people to consider that abortion can be in the name of life, for the sake of community, humanity, and all Earthdwellers. Denial of abortion does not protect Life; nor does it bring peace. It results in dead children and dead mothers. Teenagers risk "back alley" abortions because of parental consent laws, and some, like Becky Bell, have died as a result. (Becky Bell was 17 when she became pregnant. Not wanting to hurt or shock her parents, she obtained an illegal abortion because her state had a parental notification law. She died as a result. Her parents have since become active in the Pro-Choice movement.) I know of people who grew up motherless because their mothers, when faced with the prospect of bearing another child and no means to support him or her, risked illegal abortion, and died horribly. A good magazine enlightens its readers by informing them about differing paths and opinions. It would make sense, for example, for Communities   to publish an objective article about a Christian community whose members are against abortion. But in this case, Communities, by serving as a vehicle for this ad, has actively aided and abetted the efforts of this self-righteous group, the consequences of which can be so tragic. The presence of the Seamless Garment ad in the magazine is a slap in the face for those of us who contest the aggressive arrogance of "right-to-lifers," "wise-users" and all others who take literally the commands to "go forth and multiply" and to "establish dominion over the Earth." Meanwhile, Planned Parenthood and others struggle to provide health care around the world in the face of disease, poverty, ignorance, and meddling "right-to-life" groups funded by right-wing, would-be moral dictators in America. Environmental groups are feverishly trying to protect the land from greedy hands eager to cut, log, dig, and mine for our growing population. I understand that Communities  takes no stand on reproductive issues, which is fine, as its purpose is to inform readers about sustainable communities and lifeways. However, in fairness to help compensate for the damage done by carrying this ad, I urge Communities   to offer ad space in a future issue to one or more of the fine organizations that really have had a positive impact in the world, such as Planned Parenthood, the Union of Concerned Scientists, the ACLU, and the Sierra Club. We all benefit from the deeds of these organizations, which work to protect, each in their own way, all  life on Earth. Finally, it seems fitting to publish a disclaimer in the Summer issue clearly stating that Communities   magazine does not take a stand against abortion or other reproductive options. As a loyal reader of Communities   who is devoted to the concept of community living with a reverence for nature and one another, I urge you to never  carry such an ad again. Life is a precious gift! So let us bestow Life with love, and not force it, or support in any way those who would have it forced. What would we leave for our next generations, the blessings of responsible choice, or the curse of forced duty and the resulting tragedies of motherless children ... and dead   children? Surely the former, as that would bring us closer to a day when all might rejoice in being part of Life, flourishing together, without fear.
Diana E. McFadden
Silver Spring, Maryland

Thank you for your passionate letter. The Fellowship accepted the ad from the Seamless Garment Network because it fit our criteria: it does not advocate violent practices and it invites dialogue about a topic we believe to be of interest to our readers. To be clear--the Fellowship does not take a position about abortion--any more than we sponsor or endorse the views of any other advertiser in our publications.  At the same time, we strongly favor dialogue, and it is our sense that the ad invites engagement on abortion and on a number of other important issues of our day: war, poverty, racism, the arms race, the death penalty, and euthanasia. It is not our intent to incite strong feelings, or to be controversial: yet it is our intent to create a forum where meaningful issues can be earnestly and cooperatively examined. Abortion qualifies as a important issue and that's why we printed the ad ... and why we're printing your response. We do not pretend that solutions are easy to come by, and we have no magic answers. Yet, our experience of community living has taught us to look for solutions by engaging as fully as possible with those with whom we disagree. In the end, we suspect that communities will not be remembered most for the degree of harmony we achieve. Rather it will be for how well we've learned to constructively disagree--learning to harness the energy and perspectives of our differences to gain leverage on the issues we must face together. This magazine is dedicated to bringing our readers the richness of our differences, providing opportunities for constructive engagement. Readers must draw their own conclusions about how best to deal with the tragic and knotty issues that surface in these pages ... because we won't draw those conclusions for them.

More on "Cults" Issue

Dear Communities:
I was impressed by your issue devoted to distinctions between communities and cults. I was a cult member for 20 years. Through help from the Center for the Prevention of Sexual and Domestic Violence, and books like Recovery From Cults, now I thoroughly understand how cults work, and I am now deprogrammed. What I thought was missing in your collection of articles was the psychodynamics of how even ordinary, intelligent people are deceived and become enrolled in cults. What happens in a cult are the three D's: deception, dependence, and dread. People become deceived into believing something about the cult or cult leader. If they are really deceived, as I was, then they become dependent on the system of beliefs, the cult leader, and worst of all, psychologically and financially dependent on the survival of the cult itself. Finally they move into dreading the possibility of the cult not being what the leader said it was, and they go back into deceiving themselves. (In the cult I was in) this was emotionally damaging to everyone, and physically damaging to many. This "cult"-ure has a life of its own. Belief systems are so deeply imbedded in individuals that they cannot adapt to see the abuse that they are participating in. In the cult I was in, even when the original cult leader left, someone stepped in to take his place. It was then that I began to catch on that information was controlled, and people were being kept separate so they would not catch on to the ways in which they were being abused. Real cults are out there. Cult leaders are out there and take advantage of people--no matter how much love they seem to have. The problem with cults is that it is almost impossible for cult members to catch on. The suffering in such discovery is too painful for them to open the door to truth.
Michael Penny
Charlottesville, Virginia

Tim Miller, Guest Editor of our "Intentional Communities and `Cults' " issue (#88, Fall '95) replies: Mr. Penny misses my central point, which is not that abuse never exists (although I do think that situations we would all agree are abusive--criminal acts, particularly--are fairly rare in most religious bodies, including unconventional ones), but that it doesn't help the situation to try to prove that a group you see as problematic can be properly labelled a "cult." If a religious group or any person is truly abusive, attack the abuse, not a stereotype. One might think it harmless to try to figure out how to identify "cults," but it isn't. Every definition of "cult" I have ever seen fits not only abusive groups but many that are perfectly harmless and are thus unfairly tainted by being labeled "cults." Lists of characteristics and other categories are inescapably nebulous. "Deception, dependence, and dread" characterize many religions to some degree. Deception? All religions present themselves in a favorable light to prospective converts, leaving for later details that might turn someone off. Dependency (on other people, on God, on the group) is integral to the religious experience. Dread (of hell, of tormentors, of oneself) is a component of the religious experience of millions. All groups are not alike. They have different leaders, theologies, lifestyles, demands for member involvement, and so forth. No reliable formula has yet been developed that can identify problematic groups in advance; that's where your judgment has to come in. Deceit or coercion that rises to the level of kidnapping or fraud or other criminal behavior should be dealt with by calling the police. Short of that, people need to take responsibility for their own bad decisions. If a slick salesperson sells John Doe a worthless used car which John didn't didn't bother to check out or get a warranty for first, is he not at least partly to blame for the mess? Blaming others for his failure to use his common sense won't make John Doe smarter next time.

British Columbian Communities?
Jewish Communities?

Dear Communities:
I'm writing to ask you if you have a Canadian, or even more specifically, British Col umbian directory of intentional communities. I live in the Kootenays of British Columbia and would like to remain in the general area and live in community. Your magazine has been a great incentive for my continuing to dream of "tribe." Now it feels like I really will realise my dream and I'm grateful for the inspiration of all the communitarians already realising this dream.
Kate Stephenson
Nelson, British Columbia

Our   Communities Directory, 1995 edition, lists 10 communities in British Columbia: Avalon (Clearbrook); Community Alternatives Co-op, Pansy Farm (Vancouver); Cardiff Place Cohousing, O.U.R. House (Victoria); CEEDS, Hundred Mile Lodge (100 Mile House); Crow Circle Collective (Tofino); Salt Spring Centre (Ganges); Yasodhara Ashram (Kootenay Bay). Also, please see article about the new town of Bamberton in British Columbia, p. 59.)

Dear Communities:
I'm looking for a community that's Jewish. Have you done any articles on that? If not, will you?
Marilyn Flax
Baltimore, Maryland

We welcome profiles of Jewish communities or articles by or about Jewish communities on any of our upcoming themes.

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Copyright © 1996 by Fellowship for Intentional Community. All rights reserved. Opinions expressed by the authors and correspondents are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of the publisher.

Movement groups may reprint with permission. Please direct inquiries to Communities, PO Box 169, Masonville, CO 80541-0169, (970) 593-5615.


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